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We are given the following table,

This table compares the GDP, GDP per capita, and population of eight countries, all of which are referenced using a consistent set of units.
Specifically, the GDP values are all given with the same country as the reference point (The reference point being Country 9)
Similarly, the GDP per capita among the eight countries in the table is given using the same reference point (The reference point being Country 10)
As a result, when comparing two countries from the list in terms of GDP, GDP per capita, or population, we can directly use the values presented in the table, since they are all based on a uniform reference point.
We can compare the population of two countries using the formula 
For example, to compare the GDP of Country A and Country B, we can simply use the values listed under "GDP" in the table, as both are referenced using the same country throughout. This eliminates the need for additional conversions or adjustments.
In this question we are asked to find which of the countries among the four options has the least population in 2024 (The current year)
Option A: Country 8
GDP = 0.07 and GDP Per Capita = 0.41
Population = 0.07/0.41 or 7/41
Option B: Country 3
GDP = 0.13 and GDP Per Capita = 0.02
Population = 0.13/0.02 or 13/2
Option C: Country 7
GDP = 0.08 and GDP Per Capita = 0.3
Population = 0.08/0.3 or 8/30
Option D: Country 5
GDP = 0.1 and GDP Per Capita = 0.36
Population = 0.1/0.36 or 10/36
Comparing the four values, we are looking for the smallest values among the four,
7/41, 13/2, 8/30, 10/36
7/41 is the smallest value among the four, hence Option A or Country 8 is the answer