CMAT 2021 Slot 2 ( Innovation and Entrepreneurship )

What is the title of the Authorised Biography of J.R.D. TATA?

The process of gathering information about market or socio-economic trends is called

India’s first live Payments Bank was launched by

Which one of the following Ministry publishes the Economic Survey of India?

Which city is ranked as one of the world’s five fastest growing startup cities?

Which country is No 1 in ease of doing business from last four years from 2017?

Directions for questions 7-15: After reading the passage given below, choose the best answer to each question that follows:
In contrast to traditional analyses of minority business, the sociological analysis contends that minority business ownership is a grouplevel phenomenon, in that it is largely dependent upon social-group resources for its development. Specifically. this analysis indicates that support networksplay critical role in starting and maintaining minority business enterprises by providing owners with a range of assistance, from the informal encouragementof family members and friends to dependable sources of labor andclientele from the owner's ethnic group. Suchself-help networks, which encourage and support ethnic minority entrepreneurs, consist of “primary” institutions, those closest to the individual in shaping his or her behavior and beliefs. They are characterized by the face-to-face association and cooperation of persons united by ties of mutual concern. They form an intermediate social level between the individual and larger “secondary”institutions based on impersonal relationships. Primary institutions comprising the support network include kinship, peer. and neighborhood or community subgroups. A major function of self-help networks is financial support. Most scholars agree that minority business owners have dependedprimarily on family funds and ethnic community resources for investmentcapital. Personal savings have been accumulated, often through frugal living habits that require sacrifices by the entire family and are thus a product of long-term family financial behavior. Additional loans andgifts from relatives, forthcoming because of group obligation rather than narrow investment calculation, have supplemented personal savings. Individual entrepreneurs do not necessarily rely on their kin because they cannot obtain financial backing from commercial resources. They may actually avoid banks because they assume that commercial institutions either cannot comprehend the special needs of minority enterprise or charge unreasonably high interest rates. Within the larger ethnic community, rotating credit associations have been usedto raise capital. These associations are informal clubs of friends and other trusted members of the ethnic group who make regular contributions to a fund that is given to each contributor in rotation. One author estimates that 40 percent of New York Chinatown firms established during 1900-1950 utilized such associations as their initial source of capital. However, recent immigrants andthird or fourth generationsof older groups now employrotating credit associations only occasionally to raise investment funds. Some groups, like Black Americans, found other means of financial support for their entrepreneurial efforts. The first Black-operated banks were created in the late nineteenth century as depositories for dues) collected from fraternal or lodge groups. which themselves had sprung from Black churches. Black banks made limited investments in other Black enterprises. Irish immigrants in American cities organized many building and loan associations to provide capital for home construction and purchase. They, in turn, provided work for many Irish home-building contractor firms. Other ethnic and minority groups followed similar practices in founding ethnic-directed financial institutions. (The passage taken from Book/News/Opensource)

According to the passage, once a minority-owned businessis established, self-help networks contribute which of the following to that business?

Directions for questions 7-15: After reading the passage given below, choose the best answer to each question that follows:
In contrast to traditional analyses of minority business, the sociological analysis contends that minority business ownership is a grouplevel phenomenon, in that it is largely dependent upon social-group resources for its development. Specifically. this analysis indicates that support networksplay critical role in starting and maintaining minority business enterprises by providing owners with a range of assistance, from the informal encouragementof family members and friends to dependable sources of labor andclientele from the owner's ethnic group. Suchself-help networks, which encourage and support ethnic minority entrepreneurs, consist of “primary” institutions, those closest to the individual in shaping his or her behavior and beliefs. They are characterized by the face-to-face association and cooperation of persons united by ties of mutual concern. They form an intermediate social level between the individual and larger “secondary”institutions based on impersonal relationships. Primary institutions comprising the support network include kinship, peer. and neighborhood or community subgroups. A major function of self-help networks is financial support. Most scholars agree that minority business owners have dependedprimarily on family funds and ethnic community resources for investmentcapital. Personal savings have been accumulated, often through frugal living habits that require sacrifices by the entire family and are thus a product of long-term family financial behavior. Additional loans andgifts from relatives, forthcoming because of group obligation rather than narrow investment calculation, have supplemented personal savings. Individual entrepreneurs do not necessarily rely on their kin because they cannot obtain financial backing from commercial resources. They may actually avoid banks because they assume that commercial institutions either cannot comprehend the special needs of minority enterprise or charge unreasonably high interest rates. Within the larger ethnic community, rotating credit associations have been usedto raise capital. These associations are informal clubs of friends and other trusted members of the ethnic group who make regular contributions to a fund that is given to each contributor in rotation. One author estimates that 40 percent of New York Chinatown firms established during 1900-1950 utilized such associations as their initial source of capital. However, recent immigrants andthird or fourth generationsof older groups now employrotating credit associations only occasionally to raise investment funds. Some groups, like Black Americans, found other means of financial support for their entrepreneurial efforts. The first Black-operated banks were created in the late nineteenth century as depositories for dues) collected from fraternal or lodge groups. which themselves had sprung from Black churches. Black banks made limited investments in other Black enterprises. Irish immigrants in American cities organized many building and loan associations to provide capital for home construction and purchase. They, in turn, provided work for many Irish home-building contractor firms. Other ethnic and minority groups followed similar practices in founding ethnic-directed financial institutions. (The passage taken from Book/News/Opensource)

The passage best supports which of the following statements?

Directions for questions 7-15: After reading the passage given below, choose the best answer to each question that follows:
In contrast to traditional analyses of minority business, the sociological analysis contends that minority business ownership is a grouplevel phenomenon, in that it is largely dependent upon social-group resources for its development. Specifically. this analysis indicates that support networksplay critical role in starting and maintaining minority business enterprises by providing owners with a range of assistance, from the informal encouragementof family members and friends to dependable sources of labor andclientele from the owner's ethnic group. Suchself-help networks, which encourage and support ethnic minority entrepreneurs, consist of “primary” institutions, those closest to the individual in shaping his or her behavior and beliefs. They are characterized by the face-to-face association and cooperation of persons united by ties of mutual concern. They form an intermediate social level between the individual and larger “secondary”institutions based on impersonal relationships. Primary institutions comprising the support network include kinship, peer. and neighborhood or community subgroups. A major function of self-help networks is financial support. Most scholars agree that minority business owners have dependedprimarily on family funds and ethnic community resources for investmentcapital. Personal savings have been accumulated, often through frugal living habits that require sacrifices by the entire family and are thus a product of long-term family financial behavior. Additional loans andgifts from relatives, forthcoming because of group obligation rather than narrow investment calculation, have supplemented personal savings. Individual entrepreneurs do not necessarily rely on their kin because they cannot obtain financial backing from commercial resources. They may actually avoid banks because they assume that commercial institutions either cannot comprehend the special needs of minority enterprise or charge unreasonably high interest rates. Within the larger ethnic community, rotating credit associations have been usedto raise capital. These associations are informal clubs of friends and other trusted members of the ethnic group who make regular contributions to a fund that is given to each contributor in rotation. One author estimates that 40 percent of New York Chinatown firms established during 1900-1950 utilized such associations as their initial source of capital. However, recent immigrants andthird or fourth generationsof older groups now employrotating credit associations only occasionally to raise investment funds. Some groups, like Black Americans, found other means of financial support for their entrepreneurial efforts. The first Black-operated banks were created in the late nineteenth century as depositories for dues) collected from fraternal or lodge groups. which themselves had sprung from Black churches. Black banks made limited investments in other Black enterprises. Irish immigrants in American cities organized many building and loan associations to provide capital for home construction and purchase. They, in turn, provided work for many Irish home-building contractor firms. Other ethnic and minority groups followed similar practices in founding ethnic-directed financial institutions. (The passage taken from Book/News/Opensource)

The passage claims that small-scale individual entrepreneurs

Directions for questions 7-15: After reading the passage given below, choose the best answer to each question that follows:
In contrast to traditional analyses of minority business, the sociological analysis contends that minority business ownership is a grouplevel phenomenon, in that it is largely dependent upon social-group resources for its development. Specifically. this analysis indicates that support networksplay critical role in starting and maintaining minority business enterprises by providing owners with a range of assistance, from the informal encouragementof family members and friends to dependable sources of labor andclientele from the owner's ethnic group. Suchself-help networks, which encourage and support ethnic minority entrepreneurs, consist of “primary” institutions, those closest to the individual in shaping his or her behavior and beliefs. They are characterized by the face-to-face association and cooperation of persons united by ties of mutual concern. They form an intermediate social level between the individual and larger “secondary”institutions based on impersonal relationships. Primary institutions comprising the support network include kinship, peer. and neighborhood or community subgroups. A major function of self-help networks is financial support. Most scholars agree that minority business owners have dependedprimarily on family funds and ethnic community resources for investmentcapital. Personal savings have been accumulated, often through frugal living habits that require sacrifices by the entire family and are thus a product of long-term family financial behavior. Additional loans andgifts from relatives, forthcoming because of group obligation rather than narrow investment calculation, have supplemented personal savings. Individual entrepreneurs do not necessarily rely on their kin because they cannot obtain financial backing from commercial resources. They may actually avoid banks because they assume that commercial institutions either cannot comprehend the special needs of minority enterprise or charge unreasonably high interest rates. Within the larger ethnic community, rotating credit associations have been usedto raise capital. These associations are informal clubs of friends and other trusted members of the ethnic group who make regular contributions to a fund that is given to each contributor in rotation. One author estimates that 40 percent of New York Chinatown firms established during 1900-1950 utilized such associations as their initial source of capital. However, recent immigrants andthird or fourth generationsof older groups now employrotating credit associations only occasionally to raise investment funds. Some groups, like Black Americans, found other means of financial support for their entrepreneurial efforts. The first Black-operated banks were created in the late nineteenth century as depositories for dues) collected from fraternal or lodge groups. which themselves had sprung from Black churches. Black banks made limited investments in other Black enterprises. Irish immigrants in American cities organized many building and loan associations to provide capital for home construction and purchase. They, in turn, provided work for many Irish home-building contractor firms. Other ethnic and minority groups followed similar practices in founding ethnic-directed financial institutions. (The passage taken from Book/News/Opensource)

Which of the following shows the working of a self-help support network,as it is described in the passage?

Directions for questions 7-15: After reading the passage given below, choose the best answer to each question that follows:
In contrast to traditional analyses of minority business, the sociological analysis contends that minority business ownership is a grouplevel phenomenon, in that it is largely dependent upon social-group resources for its development. Specifically. this analysis indicates that support networksplay critical role in starting and maintaining minority business enterprises by providing owners with a range of assistance, from the informal encouragementof family members and friends to dependable sources of labor andclientele from the owner's ethnic group. Suchself-help networks, which encourage and support ethnic minority entrepreneurs, consist of “primary” institutions, those closest to the individual in shaping his or her behavior and beliefs. They are characterized by the face-to-face association and cooperation of persons united by ties of mutual concern. They form an intermediate social level between the individual and larger “secondary”institutions based on impersonal relationships. Primary institutions comprising the support network include kinship, peer. and neighborhood or community subgroups. A major function of self-help networks is financial support. Most scholars agree that minority business owners have dependedprimarily on family funds and ethnic community resources for investmentcapital. Personal savings have been accumulated, often through frugal living habits that require sacrifices by the entire family and are thus a product of long-term family financial behavior. Additional loans andgifts from relatives, forthcoming because of group obligation rather than narrow investment calculation, have supplemented personal savings. Individual entrepreneurs do not necessarily rely on their kin because they cannot obtain financial backing from commercial resources. They may actually avoid banks because they assume that commercial institutions either cannot comprehend the special needs of minority enterprise or charge unreasonably high interest rates. Within the larger ethnic community, rotating credit associations have been usedto raise capital. These associations are informal clubs of friends and other trusted members of the ethnic group who make regular contributions to a fund that is given to each contributor in rotation. One author estimates that 40 percent of New York Chinatown firms established during 1900-1950 utilized such associations as their initial source of capital. However, recent immigrants andthird or fourth generationsof older groups now employrotating credit associations only occasionally to raise investment funds. Some groups, like Black Americans, found other means of financial support for their entrepreneurial efforts. The first Black-operated banks were created in the late nineteenth century as depositories for dues) collected from fraternal or lodge groups. which themselves had sprung from Black churches. Black banks made limited investments in other Black enterprises. Irish immigrants in American cities organized many building and loan associations to provide capital for home construction and purchase. They, in turn, provided work for many Irish home-building contractor firms. Other ethnic and minority groups followed similar practices in founding ethnic-directed financial institutions. (The passage taken from Book/News/Opensource)

According to the passage the sociological analysis contends that

Directions for questions 7-15: After reading the passage given below, choose the best answer to each question that follows:
In contrast to traditional analyses of minority business, the sociological analysis contends that minority business ownership is a grouplevel phenomenon, in that it is largely dependent upon social-group resources for its development. Specifically. this analysis indicates that support networksplay critical role in starting and maintaining minority business enterprises by providing owners with a range of assistance, from the informal encouragementof family members and friends to dependable sources of labor andclientele from the owner's ethnic group. Suchself-help networks, which encourage and support ethnic minority entrepreneurs, consist of “primary” institutions, those closest to the individual in shaping his or her behavior and beliefs. They are characterized by the face-to-face association and cooperation of persons united by ties of mutual concern. They form an intermediate social level between the individual and larger “secondary”institutions based on impersonal relationships. Primary institutions comprising the support network include kinship, peer. and neighborhood or community subgroups. A major function of self-help networks is financial support. Most scholars agree that minority business owners have dependedprimarily on family funds and ethnic community resources for investmentcapital. Personal savings have been accumulated, often through frugal living habits that require sacrifices by the entire family and are thus a product of long-term family financial behavior. Additional loans andgifts from relatives, forthcoming because of group obligation rather than narrow investment calculation, have supplemented personal savings. Individual entrepreneurs do not necessarily rely on their kin because they cannot obtain financial backing from commercial resources. They may actually avoid banks because they assume that commercial institutions either cannot comprehend the special needs of minority enterprise or charge unreasonably high interest rates. Within the larger ethnic community, rotating credit associations have been usedto raise capital. These associations are informal clubs of friends and other trusted members of the ethnic group who make regular contributions to a fund that is given to each contributor in rotation. One author estimates that 40 percent of New York Chinatown firms established during 1900-1950 utilized such associations as their initial source of capital. However, recent immigrants andthird or fourth generationsof older groups now employrotating credit associations only occasionally to raise investment funds. Some groups, like Black Americans, found other means of financial support for their entrepreneurial efforts. The first Black-operated banks were created in the late nineteenth century as depositories for dues) collected from fraternal or lodge groups. which themselves had sprung from Black churches. Black banks made limited investments in other Black enterprises. Irish immigrants in American cities organized many building and loan associations to provide capital for home construction and purchase. They, in turn, provided work for many Irish home-building contractor firms. Other ethnic and minority groups followed similar practices in founding ethnic-directed financial institutions. (The passage taken from Book/News/Opensource)

Which of the following can be inferred from the passage about the Irish building and loan associations?

Directions for questions 7-15: After reading the passage given below, choose the best answer to each question that follows:
In contrast to traditional analyses of minority business, the sociological analysis contends that minority business ownership is a grouplevel phenomenon, in that it is largely dependent upon social-group resources for its development. Specifically. this analysis indicates that support networksplay critical role in starting and maintaining minority business enterprises by providing owners with a range of assistance, from the informal encouragementof family members and friends to dependable sources of labor andclientele from the owner's ethnic group. Suchself-help networks, which encourage and support ethnic minority entrepreneurs, consist of “primary” institutions, those closest to the individual in shaping his or her behavior and beliefs. They are characterized by the face-to-face association and cooperation of persons united by ties of mutual concern. They form an intermediate social level between the individual and larger “secondary”institutions based on impersonal relationships. Primary institutions comprising the support network include kinship, peer. and neighborhood or community subgroups. A major function of self-help networks is financial support. Most scholars agree that minority business owners have dependedprimarily on family funds and ethnic community resources for investmentcapital. Personal savings have been accumulated, often through frugal living habits that require sacrifices by the entire family and are thus a product of long-term family financial behavior. Additional loans andgifts from relatives, forthcoming because of group obligation rather than narrow investment calculation, have supplemented personal savings. Individual entrepreneurs do not necessarily rely on their kin because they cannot obtain financial backing from commercial resources. They may actually avoid banks because they assume that commercial institutions either cannot comprehend the special needs of minority enterprise or charge unreasonably high interest rates. Within the larger ethnic community, rotating credit associations have been usedto raise capital. These associations are informal clubs of friends and other trusted members of the ethnic group who make regular contributions to a fund that is given to each contributor in rotation. One author estimates that 40 percent of New York Chinatown firms established during 1900-1950 utilized such associations as their initial source of capital. However, recent immigrants andthird or fourth generationsof older groups now employrotating credit associations only occasionally to raise investment funds. Some groups, like Black Americans, found other means of financial support for their entrepreneurial efforts. The first Black-operated banks were created in the late nineteenth century as depositories for dues) collected from fraternal or lodge groups. which themselves had sprung from Black churches. Black banks made limited investments in other Black enterprises. Irish immigrants in American cities organized many building and loan associations to provide capital for home construction and purchase. They, in turn, provided work for many Irish home-building contractor firms. Other ethnic and minority groups followed similar practices in founding ethnic-directed financial institutions. (The passage taken from Book/News/Opensource)

Based on the information in the passage, it would be LEAST likely for which of the following persons to be part of a self-help network?

Directions for questions 7-15: After reading the passage given below, choose the best answer to each question that follows:
In contrast to traditional analyses of minority business, the sociological analysis contends that minority business ownership is a grouplevel phenomenon, in that it is largely dependent upon social-group resources for its development. Specifically. this analysis indicates that support networksplay critical role in starting and maintaining minority business enterprises by providing owners with a range of assistance, from the informal encouragementof family members and friends to dependable sources of labor andclientele from the owner's ethnic group. Suchself-help networks, which encourage and support ethnic minority entrepreneurs, consist of “primary” institutions, those closest to the individual in shaping his or her behavior and beliefs. They are characterized by the face-to-face association and cooperation of persons united by ties of mutual concern. They form an intermediate social level between the individual and larger “secondary”institutions based on impersonal relationships. Primary institutions comprising the support network include kinship, peer. and neighborhood or community subgroups. A major function of self-help networks is financial support. Most scholars agree that minority business owners have dependedprimarily on family funds and ethnic community resources for investmentcapital. Personal savings have been accumulated, often through frugal living habits that require sacrifices by the entire family and are thus a product of long-term family financial behavior. Additional loans andgifts from relatives, forthcoming because of group obligation rather than narrow investment calculation, have supplemented personal savings. Individual entrepreneurs do not necessarily rely on their kin because they cannot obtain financial backing from commercial resources. They may actually avoid banks because they assume that commercial institutions either cannot comprehend the special needs of minority enterprise or charge unreasonably high interest rates. Within the larger ethnic community, rotating credit associations have been usedto raise capital. These associations are informal clubs of friends and other trusted members of the ethnic group who make regular contributions to a fund that is given to each contributor in rotation. One author estimates that 40 percent of New York Chinatown firms established during 1900-1950 utilized such associations as their initial source of capital. However, recent immigrants andthird or fourth generationsof older groups now employrotating credit associations only occasionally to raise investment funds. Some groups, like Black Americans, found other means of financial support for their entrepreneurial efforts. The first Black-operated banks were created in the late nineteenth century as depositories for dues) collected from fraternal or lodge groups. which themselves had sprung from Black churches. Black banks made limited investments in other Black enterprises. Irish immigrants in American cities organized many building and loan associations to provide capital for home construction and purchase. They, in turn, provided work for many Irish home-building contractor firms. Other ethnic and minority groups followed similar practices in founding ethnic-directed financial institutions. (The passage taken from Book/News/Opensource)

Which of the following statement is NOT correct as per the avove passage?

Directions for questions 7-15: After reading the passage given below, choose the best answer to each question that follows:
In contrast to traditional analyses of minority business, the sociological analysis contends that minority business ownership is a grouplevel phenomenon, in that it is largely dependent upon social-group resources for its development. Specifically. this analysis indicates that support networksplay critical role in starting and maintaining minority business enterprises by providing owners with a range of assistance, from the informal encouragementof family members and friends to dependable sources of labor andclientele from the owner's ethnic group. Suchself-help networks, which encourage and support ethnic minority entrepreneurs, consist of “primary” institutions, those closest to the individual in shaping his or her behavior and beliefs. They are characterized by the face-to-face association and cooperation of persons united by ties of mutual concern. They form an intermediate social level between the individual and larger “secondary”institutions based on impersonal relationships. Primary institutions comprising the support network include kinship, peer. and neighborhood or community subgroups. A major function of self-help networks is financial support. Most scholars agree that minority business owners have dependedprimarily on family funds and ethnic community resources for investmentcapital. Personal savings have been accumulated, often through frugal living habits that require sacrifices by the entire family and are thus a product of long-term family financial behavior. Additional loans andgifts from relatives, forthcoming because of group obligation rather than narrow investment calculation, have supplemented personal savings. Individual entrepreneurs do not necessarily rely on their kin because they cannot obtain financial backing from commercial resources. They may actually avoid banks because they assume that commercial institutions either cannot comprehend the special needs of minority enterprise or charge unreasonably high interest rates. Within the larger ethnic community, rotating credit associations have been usedto raise capital. These associations are informal clubs of friends and other trusted members of the ethnic group who make regular contributions to a fund that is given to each contributor in rotation. One author estimates that 40 percent of New York Chinatown firms established during 1900-1950 utilized such associations as their initial source of capital. However, recent immigrants andthird or fourth generationsof older groups now employrotating credit associations only occasionally to raise investment funds. Some groups, like Black Americans, found other means of financial support for their entrepreneurial efforts. The first Black-operated banks were created in the late nineteenth century as depositories for dues) collected from fraternal or lodge groups. which themselves had sprung from Black churches. Black banks made limited investments in other Black enterprises. Irish immigrants in American cities organized many building and loan associations to provide capital for home construction and purchase. They, in turn, provided work for many Irish home-building contractor firms. Other ethnic and minority groups followed similar practices in founding ethnic-directed financial institutions. (The passage taken from Book/News/Opensource)

According to the passage that traditional analyses of minority business would be LEAST likely to do which ofthe following?

A business where an individual is both the owner and conductorof the businessaffairs is called

A recently registered enterprise started first time the business of online food delivery services using drones in its locality. This type of business can be an example of

Which of the following is not one of the traits of an entrepreneur?

The executive summary of business plan should be prepared

Which of the following describes a mission statementof start up?

At the early stage of start-up, entrepreneurs often focus on sales, but then discover that they need to equally focus on

_____ grants the holder the right to exclude others from making, selling, using or offering for sale or importing the invention.

Innovation management involves managing

The ——————— plan shows whether the businessis economically feasible or not.

Which of the following is NOT included in the financial section of a business plan?